APFS (like many modern file systems but unlike its predecessor HFS+) supports copy-on-write. This means you can logically copy a file – it looks and behaves like a distinct file – but it doesn’t immediately copy the file’s contents on disk – it merely shares them with the original. Only if and as you modify… Read more
A few weeks ago, Axel Roest published a simple web server comparison, that turned out to not be doing what it was thought to be doing. Figuring that out was a very interesting discussion that warrants a retrospective, to look at which parts were particularly helpful and which not so much. Tangentially, I want to… Read more
The following code prints the Fibonacci sequence. You’ve probably seen it before. It’s one of the simplest and most well-known examples of a sliding window operation – where the next value depends on the preceding two (or more) values. While almost all programs do not calculate the Fibonacci sequence, many do contain similar sliding-window algorithms.… Read more
Most people don’t have any idea what the true cost of server electricity use is. This is for many reasons, but I want to highlight the main factors. Usage is hidden In leasing / colo arrangements electricity cost is often flat-rated, and/or bundled up with many other costs. Many hosts don’t provide electricity usage reporting… Read more
What’s the best way to read a stream of bytes with URLSession? That’s the simple question I set out to answer. I wrote some benchmarks. They read a 128 MiB file and perform a contrived aggregation of its content bytes (a joking “hash” of them, merely to ensure the actual reads aren’t optimised out). ⚠️… Read more
By which I mean, things like ContinuousClock and SuspendingClock. In absolute terms they don’t have much overhead – think sub-microsecond for most uses. Which makes them perfectly acceptable when they’re used sporadically (e.g. only a few times per second). However, if you need to deal with time and timing more frequently, their inefficiency can become… Read more
How do you determine if one string starts with another, in Swift? Surely that’s exactly what the hasPrefix(_:) method is for: No can haz etiquette? Wot? The problem is that hasPrefix is not meant for general use with human text; it’s barely better than a byte-wise comparison. It only guarantees that it won’t be fooled… Read more